I just did a repro as a single player on my local box. I got a Chinook out of Nalchik. Here are answers to your questions and some additional info (helpful or not, I'll let you decide)
Crash - DCS completely shuts down. No errors or messages. Just back to the windows desktop. This occurs right after the "new funds" dialog in the game comes up. In this run it was aprox 190 seconds after dropping off troops at that power plant thing to the south of Nal (first objective) and capturing it with troops. I was in the new Chinook and on a return flight at the time of crash.
Modifications - No mods to the mission itself, just a Stright download. Other missions appear to run fine, including pretense. I do have blackhawk and hercules mods loaded. Now running SRS, although I don't think I was when this first started. I don't think I have the stopGapGUI loaded unless it came with something else.
Folders - I removed the "saves" folder and the "Expansion (data)" folders prior to the test.
I know, hard for you to figure out the cause/problem. My bet is that it is something to do with the funding system and code that executes, as that seems to occur the first time and trigger the crash. Is there any easy flag to disable the funding or force it differently to rule it in or out as a cause?