The most recent log says
DCS/1.2.10.32095.521 (x86_64; EN; KA-50bs1,A-10A,A-10C,P-51D,CA,KA-50_video_EN,A-10A_video_EN,SU-25T_video_EN)
this misses WORLD component. it's not the updater's problem, looks like one stage of the DCS World installer failed when you installed the world first time.
Two ways to fix:
1) cmd line:
DCS_updater.exe install WORLD
this will update the world and repair it. should be pretty fast since you have most of the files in place.
alternatively,
2) reinstall everything from scratch.
P.S. I will reconsider some assumptions about the install process in the updater.