okopanja

Operating frequency of of the radar is 150-170MHz => its a meter range and HARM should not be able to guide. These radars, while offering a good ECM resistance and being in theory mobile, have a lengthy relocation process, meaning that cruise missiles will be able to destroy them if not protected. As a matter of fact, one of these radars was destroyed on March 24th 1999 during the first wave precisely due it's static nature. I assume they concluded its better to leave it in active role as long as it lasts, since moving it was not considered practical. Meanwhile, you should adjust your tactics.

This would be a great detail touch!!!

Credits: - @Ronin_Gaijin, for review and english corrections - @AeriaGloria, for clarifying that DAGON, is actually DOGON, switch D - JJay, for review Sources: Niko nije rekao neću (drugi deo) - Nobody refused - part 2 (see above), Author: Slađana Zarić, director: Boban Simojlović, journalist Vesna Ilić, montage: Marija Bogićević. "Operation Allied Force: air war over Serbia 1999 - volume 1", Bojan Dimitrijević, Lt. Gen. Jovica Draganić

The following map is very rough reconstruction of the flight based on the interview, based on what was known to me so far. It is provided to get you better idea about flight, with possible engagement assumptions. I welcome any additional information you may be able to provide, including possible alternative flight paths. Map should not be cited as reference of absolute truth, since a number of assumptions were made while I tried to fit them together with all known facts: - direction and distance after first launch, - direction and distance after second launch, - precise location point where Boro turned north. Note: course 190 was take into account as well as location of Airbase Petrovac as possible direction for blue. - landing direction was assumed to be from Ribar approach. We do not know if he took instead landing over the city of Niš.

06.04.1999 - Mig-29 combat flight - Boro Zoraja Pilot: Major Boro Zoraja Airplane type: L-18 (MIG-29 9.12b) Airplane ID: 18101 Time: April 6th 1999, 23:00 Take off: Airbase Ponikve Landing: Airbase Lađevci Flight length: 40 minutes Interview with Major Boro Zoraja, pilot of MiG-29 1st video segment at 09:41 09:46 Narrator: While Major Milenković was waiting for a U2 mission, new orders were received at Ponikve airport. 09:55 Boro Zoraja: Exactly at the point when we went off duty and undressed for rest, around 23:00 the "Buzzer" (alert phone line) rang. 10:09 Boro Zoraja: I responded to the call. They gave us signal 1-into-number-1; take off, 6000 m, zone of expectation Kruševac, landing at airport Niš. 10:19 Major Milenković: "I will go to the car." 10:22 Major Milenković (loudly): "Number 1, lets go!" 10:24 Boro Zoraja: Once I sounded the alert, I started to dress. 10:31 Boro Zoraja: I took my uniform on, and hooked the upper part of the Anti-G suit, took Helmet into hand, and went to the vehicle together with Major Milenković. 10:42 Boro Zoraja: I continued dressing in the vehicle. 10:45 Boro Zoraja: The only thing I was thinking about was not to miss any of the details of the aircraft inspection and aircraft startup procedure. 10:51 Boro Zoraja: I did not rush when I was set into the aircraft, in order not to make a mistake. 11:01 Boro Zoraja: About other things I did not think about at all. You know, you think only about the assignment and that is your priority. 11:07 Boro Zoraja: You simply can not think about the family, friends or anybody else. 11:10 Boro Zoraja: You think only about the things you need to do at that moment. 11:15 ATC(radio): "Orao 356, full startup, as soon as possible to the runway!" 11:19 ATC(radio): "356th QFE 9-6-6, expectation zone Kruševac, 6000 m, report at traverse Užička Požega." 11:27 Boro Zoraja: I have confirmed, arrived in the zone Kruševac, reported arrival and they told me to take one of corso, left or right and await further instructions. 11:41 Boro Zoraja: I have made several 8s in the zone Kruševac, and at one moment, my SPO device for radiation signalling went wild. 11:53 Boro Zoraja: I heard the sound in headphones and SPO was fully lit and blinking. 11:57 Boro Zoraja: This means that I am locked by the enemy, who has already launched the missile(s) and that I have very little time to avoid the missiles. 12:06 Remark: story is interrupted and the narrator continues the story of Major Nebojša Nikolić. I will skip these parts and continue with the testimony of Boro Zoraja. 2nd video segment at 19:22 19:23 Narrator: Pilot Boro Zoraja is locked by enemy planes, missiles were launched at him and he had just a few seconds to attempt the escape manoeuvre. 19:36 Boro Zoraja: I pulled the stick onto one side, I do not remember which now, left or right and pulled up. 19:43 Boro Zoraja: I have pulled left and right, changed the turn, while climbing all the time, arriving at 8000 m, when I managed to drop their lock. 19:53 Boro Zoraja: The SPO device stopped showing a threat and there was no more sound in headphones 19:57 Boro Zoraja (radio to GCI officer): "Orao 356, I dropped outside of the lock, report the information on the enemy!" 20:03 Boro Zoraja (radio to GCI officer): "Olymp, Orao 356, do we hear each other. Please, Olymp 356, confirm if you hear me!" 20:11 Boro Zoraja: I repeated these messages several times, and while doing so, I started a free hunt, to scan and seek for the enemy 20:19 Boro Zoraja: I came to 6000 m and was on course between 130 and 140, and I detected 3 targets. 20:25 Boro Zoraja: I selected the nearest target and established the lock, the radar switched from scanning into targeting mode. 20:34 Boro Zoraja: That mode allows me to see the range of the targets. 20:38 Boro Zoraja: The target was at a distance of about 35 km, and was moving toward me. 20:43 Boro Zoraja: My next action was to flip the cover for missile launch trigger up, since we had a very high closure rate. 20:51 Boro Zoraja: It was just a few seconds and in the meantime he was already at a distance of 30 km, and at that moment I got spiked by them again, and SPO started to indicate I have been locked, while radar dropped the lock. 21:06 Boro Zoraja: My next reaction was simply to escape the missile launched at me. 21:12 Boro Zoraja: Again, 2000 m lower at ~4000 m, I managed to drop the lock, and started turning to search for them. 21:20 Boro Zoraja: I switched the radar into DOGON mode (pursuit mode) and started to chase after them. 21:20 Remark: While he speaks, the HUD is displayed showing active Radar and occasional targets. Note: this might not be original recording. 21:27 Boro Zoraja: At this point they were at the distance of 45 to 47 km, I locked the gas and chased them at the speed of 1000 km/h. 21:35 Boro Zoraja: What next! The only thing that worried me was that my missiles will not go off the rails, since I did not have the signal showing that the missiles are still mounted. 21:43 Boro Zoraja: I chased them for about 3 minutes, perhaps a bit more at that speed, while they moved toward south, toward heading 190. 21:55 Boro Zoraja: At that point I have been reaching the borders of (Northern) Macedonia and Bulgaria, when at some point I decided to abort. 22:04 Boro Zoraja: So what happened? The 3 targets split: 2 of them went to the left and right, while the 3rd continued straight. 22:15 Boro Zoraja: At that point I decided to interrupt the pursuit, turned the jet towards North and continued toward Niš. 22:15 Remark: According to later interview of Dragan Milenković, Boro Zoraja has landed at Lađevci airport, since at Niš airport there was no response over the radio. 22:20 Boro Zoraja: My flight was 40 minutes long, and this was the longest flight during the aggression. 22:25 Remark: story is interrupted again and the narrator continues the story of Major Nebojša Nikolić. I will skip these parts and continue with the testimony of Boro Zoraja. 3rd video segment at 50:40 50:40 Boro Zoraja: We were truly inferior, primarily due to having missiles of shorter range, and they could launch their missiles from distances of over 60 km at us. 50:53 Boro Zoraja: Accordingly, I had to get very close in order to achieve the conditions for the launch of missiles. 51:00 Boro Zoraja: This has to be under 30 km, in order for missiles to leave the rail, while they could do the same thing at distance of 60 km. 53:39 Boro Zoraja: Our radio connection with Operation Center and VOJIN systems, which are used for guidance, did not work, and essentially we had to rely on ourselves and onboard electronics. 53:39 Remark: VOJIN is acronym "vazduhoplovno osmatranje, javljanje i navođenje" - aerial surveillance, reporting and guidance. 53:53 Boro Zoraja: I got those enemy targets in free hunting (search mode). 54:01 Boro Zoraja: The only other thing I could do, was to accelerate toward them and hit them directly with my own jet, but doing this under night conditions is practically impossible. Interview with Major Dragan Milenković, talks about the events after Boro Zoraja proceeded to land at Niš airport. 4th video segment at 46:29 46:29 Remark: This is only part of a much longer interview with Dragan Milenković. The part I have transcribed is the one where he talks what happened after Boro Zoraja proceeded to land at Niš airport. 46:29 Dragan Milenković: According to the fuel level, he got the command for landing. 46:37 Dragan Milenković: He could not land at Niš airbase. Since nobody responded over the radio at Niš, he landed at airbase Lađevci, near Kraljevo. 46:47 Dragan Milenković: Since the complete pilot and maintenance crews, and aircraft support vehicles have remained at Ponikve, we have relocated the crews and equipment to Lađevci. 47:06 Dragan Milenković: We have continued our duty within RV and PVO at airport Lađevci. 47:11 Host: Since the plan of U-2 spy airplane intercept mission attempt was cancelled, you have received the new mission orders, and if I am correct it was on April 8th? 47:28 Dragan Milenković: That is correct. After the landing in late ours on April 6th (to April 7th), we have relocated and arrived at airbase Lađevci during the night... 47:43 Dragan Milenković: After familiarization with the situation, upon inspection of the airplane, maintenance crew have established that one of the course verticals is not working. 47:43 Remark: During the original documentary the date of flight is incorrectly stated as April 7th. This was likely due to the fact that the original report could be written only after the night relocation. Reconstructed flight The provided map is rough reconstruction based on interview and publicly known information. Sources 1. Niko nije rekao neću (drugi deo) - Nobody refused - part 2 (see above), author Slađana Zarić, director Boban Simojlović, journalist Vesna Ilić, montage Marija Bogićević, link. 2. Operation Allied Force - Air war over Serbia 1999 - volume 1, Bojan Dimitrijević, Lt. Gen. Jovica Draganić, link. 3. Pilot Dragan Milenković - Svi smo leteli u smrt! Neko je imao manje, neko više sreće!, link. Credits Ronin Gaijin, for review and english corrections Aeria Gloria, for clarifying that DAGON, is actually DOGON, switch D JJay, for review

You might want to experiment with CPU affinity. E.g. I got 6 cores x 2 (multithreading). Just for fun I disabled every even core, and stutter was much shorter. It was still there, but not few seconds. Need to test this under more realistic conditions, since I am not sure that this does not cause another issue How to set affinity? You need to calculate a number from the bit field where each bit represents the core. Easy way to do this is to: 1. start Calculator 2. switch to Programmer mode 3. switch to BIN 4. type e.g. 010101010101, and read the value you see next to HEX (if your processor has performance/efficiency cores, you need to find out which bit corresponds to which core, ideally you use performance cores.) 5. go to DCS shortcut and append the following --affinity HEX_NUMBER_YOU GOT

Can you tell us more about those limitations IRL(e.g. what is stated IRL manual) vs DCS limitations?

The article marking 50 years of first flight in Serbian Tango Six portal + more images: https://tangosix.rs/2024/31/10/pola-veka-od-prvog-leta-iar-93-obelezen-zlatni-jubilej-jugoslovensko-rumunskog-jurisnika/ BTW: if I remember correctly the first flights of J-22 on Yugoslavian side and IAR-93 on Romanian side took on the very same day.

I think that issue is related to the systems with 8GB VRAM. E.g. issue is - practically not present in Caucasus with FC3 (GS) - present on Caucasus with JF-17 (GS) - very pronounced on Syria (Contention) On Syria, I am more close to the limit, and I think the freeze that occurs is related to load textures at that moment. Not sure if someone with 12GB or more has the issue.

you might be having additional problem. On my side: RTX 2070 Super with 8GB, 64GB RAM.

Once you enable center it has to be on all the time. null

Workaround: before moving, switch to f10, center on airplane (icon rectngular up right). Now switching will not cause an fps drop. Explanation: f10 map actually renders DCS world from above. If the center point differs from aircraft, dcs will start loading detailed map and thus cause DCS to worknvery hard with GPU.

It's not really a bug, this is how old API model works. SD-10 has not switched to Pl-12. We have seen gradual improvements on PL-12, and e.g. it appears to fly toward calculated intercept point. My personally observations: - It is still not perfect, since happens that Mach 3 missile still hits target from behind and does not kill it to frequently - notching seems to be too easy.

Actually I was just thinking about this. Back than when this topic started I did not need glasses, but now I do. Therefore I think they eyesight condition of the user should be also considered. In fact if I was ED, I would ask: "What is your diopter? Please submit your lens prescription along trk file".

Is the table from a page of abook published in Russia, early 2000s(appeared somewhere in this forum) the only reference stating operation time of the turbogenerator, or you have more solid information to confirm it? @Iriszdo you have any solid proof? IMHO: being a SARH missile, the longer power supply would not greatly enchance the effectivness, only in some specific edge cases.

Its been a while. So how do you enable dots? At my 34'' with all antialiasing off, I must be blind as a bet? Tip and Sharp, any idea?

Zoom plays huge role, not sure why. Meanwhile the condensation trails depending on altitude and temperatur appear to be more visible including the amraam, this a big thumb up for reality.

true, 60 seconds limits the usability of this missile. I did get to manage shots of over 100km distance from target, and in one occasion 120km (the target contributed by moving toward, sadly did not check traveled distance). It's not uncommon for missile to have high energy at Mach 2.5-3 and then simply slump downward for not being able to guide anymore.

Macross Zero arrived almost 2 decades later. On its own it is independent from original series (not all of the seasons were of the same quality or even age target). Still they preserved the same drawing style with more modern animation means. I think I watched original series on Super or Sky network with no translation back then. In retrospect I think this got me interested in aviation (much more than e.g. Top Gun).

It's top down helmeted dude in a cockpit. If I may guess it comes from Robotech or similar Anime from 80s.

IMHO: just classical capitalist cost/benfit calc. Although your points are valid, and the smoke would cause FPS drop.

Typical AWACS flies in the horseback pattern, this is not coincidence, in such pattern, 10 seconds update time is acceptable. As the missile gets closer the sidelobes will get stronger, so at that point you can expect even better updates. BTW: not interpolation, extrapolation. In theory you could guide even on SCAN/TWS from fighters but you face 2 problems: 1. you would need to be able to correlate lots of signal in order to keep missile tracking the one you wish to track 2. will sidelobes be strong enough for more precise tracking?

no, it depends on jammer. However, in many cases you wish to direct the energy into specific sector or even single azimuth, but that is not the topic atm. found it in original. thanks

Please do not jump to conclusions: the side effect of jammer functionality is that it emits in the same frequency as the radar. Therefore they work in same frequencies, and the missile could be employed against radar emitter, not just jammers. Also note that I had my suspicion how this could work, intended targets could be: - any radar, most likely operating in STT (if scan/tws the update frequency is probably too low for guidance against maneuvering targets). - AWACS aircraft - Jammers Where did this come from?

I meant intelligent human translator, not the machine that gets confused on contrast change.