I experienced the same, using TM Warthog stick and throttle. I have tried calibrate over and over, re-assigned axis but was not able to get it resolved.
However after a reinstallation of Windows 10 (new SSD) and DCS, using all the proper Thrustmaster drivers, the problem did not occur again.
Maybe related, on my previous installation I also experienced the dreaded "TrackIR disconnect" and "TrackIR connect" issue. This also led to the same extreme deflection of all axis.
I'm using all standard Windows10 system USB drivers now and also this problem is solved. (for me)
I'm on an ancient i950/X58 CPU/Mobo combo with no official Windows10 support anymore BTW.