The targets (marked with the red smoke) on that gun training mission are also positioned to the right, not aligned with the gates the game makes you fly through. So I can't see how you could hit the targets if you follow the indicated flight path.
The Kh-29T did not launch, because the Shkval camera lock was obtained only when you were already too close (closer than the minimum range for that missile).
You have to wait longer, for even better light, but you do not have enough fuel to do that.
You can land at the near airfield (Kobuleti), refuel and wait for the Sun to rise more, or you can edit the mission to start later in the day, so that the Sun is above those mountains and the light is better.
I don't know if the Shkval camera should lock or not in those lightning conditions, from enough distance to be able to launch the missile. So maybe the camera works as it should and the mission does not account for that, or maybe the camera should get a lock from farther away, even with that light.